Past in Radiation Oncology / 대한치료방사선과학회지

No abstract available.

The Combined Effect of Adriamycin and Imadiation on the Small Intestinal Villi of Mice / 대한치료방사선과학회지

In order to clarify the effect of radiation on the mouse jejunal crypt cells by combined administration of adriamycin and radiation and also to evaluate the enhancing effect of adriamycin, the authors performed this study by delivering single irradiation of 1,000 to 1,600 rad to the whole abdomen of mice by cobalt-60 teletherapy unit. In combination with adriyamycin treatment groups, the drug was administered as single dose of 10 mg/kg either 2 hours before or 4 hours after graded single dose, 900 to 1,400 rad, of irradiation. The authors studied the quantitative changes of intestinal crypt cells by microcolony survival assay technique and the morphological changes of small intestinal villi by scanning electron microscope in mice following to combined therapy with adriamycin and irradiation. The average number of jejunal crypts per circumference was 130+/-6 in control group. The mean lethal dose(Do) of each irradiation alone and combined therapy groups 2 hours before and 4 hours after irradiation, were 160, 170, and 170 rad in cell survival curves, respectively. The dose effect factor(DEF) of adriamycin in each groups of pre-irradiation and post-irradiation were 1.19 and 1.26, respectively. The conical shaped villi were noted on 1,200 rad in irradiation alone group and 1,000 rad in combined groups. For the proper clinical application we must be careful of the radiation injury to small bowel when the anticancer chemotherapy and radiation injury to small bowel when the anticancer chemotherapy and radiation therapy to the abdomen and pelvic area are used as combined therapeutic modality.

The Result of Radiation Therapy of superior Vena Cava Syndrome / 대한치료방사선과학회지

To access the result of radiation therapy for 8 years experiences, 21 patients who were treated with superior vena cava syndrome had been analysed according to dose fractionation and toal dose. The results are as follows; 1. In high fractionate dose group, six of eleven patients (54.5%) exhibited relief of symptoms in 1-2 days, and additional three patients of nine (81.7%) within 3-4 days, while standard fractionated dose treatment is not effective to achieve initial relief of symptoms. 2. Graded response by total dose was correlated with total dose rather than dose fractionation. 3. Overall one year survival rate with superior vana cava syndrome was 9.1% and mean survival was 4.2 months.

Dose-Response Curves of Mouse Jejunal Crypt Cells by Multifrationated Irrdiation / 대한치료방사선과학회지

Using as assay for jejunal crypt stem cell survival, dose-response curves for the reproductive capacity of crypt stem cells mouse jejunum exposed to multifractionated gamma-ray irradiation(single, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10,12, and 16 fractions) were analyzed and single-dose survival curve of these cells was constructed. The following conclusion were drawn: 1) Survival curves for higher numbers of dose fractions were displaced to higher dose, and characterized by increasingly shallower slopes. 2) The single-dose survival curve had broad shoulder, Dq=460 cGy, remaining near-exponential over initial dose range 0 to 300 cGy, with initial slope 1Do=474 cGy 3) At fractionated dose in the range of 180 to 450 cGy, the average recovered dose per fraction interval was approximately 50% of the dose per fraction. 4) The value of a/b ratio by using of linear regression analysis for the reciprocal dose plots was 8.3Gy which lied in the range of 6-14Gy for early-reacting tissues. 5) The linear-quadratic model for dose-response formula offers valid approximations for all doses to be used in radiotherapy, only two parameters to be determined, and considerable convenience in practical applications.

A case report of syphilitic aneurysm

Syphilitic aneurysm is a rare type aneurysm followed by syphilitic aortitis. Authors present a case ofsyphilitic aneurysm of the ascending aorta and describe radiological findings on chest roentgenogram, aortogramand computed tomogram.

Ultrasound screening for small hepatomas : A prospective study

Small hepatoma is defined as hepatocellular carcinoma less than 3cm in maximum diameter and fewer than 3 innumber. To assess the ability of ultrasound to detect small hepatomas, a prospectively study was done in a groupof patients with HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Herein, we present 4 hypoechoic smallhepatomas detected on ultrasound and emphasize the role of real-time ultrasonography as a practical test formonitoring hepatoma high-risk, subjects.

CT of Late Complication of Central Nervous System after Radiation Therapy of Brain Tumors / 대한치료방사선과학회지

The normal intracranial structures are relatively resistant to therapeutic radiation, but may react adversely in a variety of ways and the damage to nerve tissue may be slow in making its appearance and once damage has occurred the patient recovers slowly and incompletely. Therefore, it is important to consider the possibility of either recurrent tumor or late adverse effect in any patient who has had radiotherapy. The determination of morphological/pathological correlation is very important to the therapeutic radiologist who uses CT scans to define a treatment volume, as well as to the clinician who wishes to explain the patient's clinical state in terms of regress, rogression, persistence, or recurrence of tumor or radiation-nduced edema or necrosis. The authors are obtained as following results; 1. The field size (whole CNS, large, intermediate, small field) was variable according to the location and extension of tumor and histopathologic diagnosis, and the total tumor dose was 4,000 to 6,000 rads except one of recurred case of 9,100 rads. The duration of follow up CT scan was from 3 months to 5 year 10 months. 2. The histopathologic diagnosis of 9 cases were glioblastoma multiforme (3 cases), pineal tumor (3), oligodendroglioma (1), cystic astrocytoma (1), pituitary adenoma (1) and their adverse effects after radiation therapy were brain atrophy (4 cases), radiation necrosis (2), tumor recurrence with or without calcification (2), radiation-nduced infarction (1). 3. The recurrent sysptoms after radiation therapy of brain tumor were not always the results of regrowth of neoplasm, but may represent late change of irradiated brain. 4. It must be need that we always consider the accurate treatment planning and proper treatment method to reduce undesirable late adverse effects in treatment of brain tumors.

Unusual manifestation of right upper lober collapse due to bronchogenic carcinoma

In the unusual manifestation of right upper lobe collapse confusing with mediastinal or parenchymal mass, both alteration of the pulmonary vessels and shifting pattern of the collapsed lobe to the periphery on supine positionare the key to the diagnosis of it rather than mediastinal or parenchymal mass. The mechanisms of these unusual manifestation s are obscure, however lobar torsion and gravity factor are considered to be a main process. Authors have experienced 2 cases of unusual manifestations of right upper lobe collapse due to bronchogenic carcinomaduring resent 2 years in Kyung Hee University hospital, and prsent radiologic findings.

Giant condyloma acuminatum of rectum

Condyloma acuminatum, a benign disease caused by a filtrable virus, occurs predominantly in the perianal andgenital areas. The lesions are noninvasive but are subject to recurrence. In rare instances, a more aggresive formof this disease, known as "giant condlyloma acuminatum" or "Buschke-Lownestein tumor", occures. In this form,infiltration of the lesion into surrounding structures takes place. This tumor has been reported to occurprincipally in the genitourinary tract. The authors experienced a cases of giant condyloma acuminatum originatingfrom rectum in 67 years old male patient which recurred 3 months after electrofulguration.

Computed tomographic evaluation of sellar and parasellar tumors

The advent of computerized cranial tomography made a greater advance in the diagnosis of very wide variety of intracranial lesions. Authors analyzed 58 pathologically proven sellar and parasellar tumors examined at Kyung Hee Un-iversity Hospital from Oct. 1977 to Jun. 1981 and the results were as follows; 1. The distribution of the tumors is 28 pituitary adenomas, 18 craniopharyngiomas, 5 meningiomas, 4 germinomas, 2 astrocytomas, and 1 sphenoid mucocele. 2. In pituitary adenoma, the precontrast CT scan of tumors appeared as isodensity in 11 cases, mixed density in 8 cases, high density in 6 cases, and low density in 3 cases, and associated with destruction of sellar turcica in 15 cases, calcification in 3 cases, and hydrocephalus in 2 cases. The postcontrast CT scan study revealed 24 cases of contrast enhancement, including 17 cases of homogenous and 7 cases of ring or rim enhancement. 3. In craniopharyngioma, the precontrast CT scan of tumors appeared as low density in 12 cases, isodensity in 4 cases and high density in 2 cases and associated with calcification in 16 cases, hydrocephalus in 15 cases and destruction of sellar turcica in 2 cases. The postcontrast CT scan study revealed no enhancement in 10 cases and contrast enhancement in 8 cases including 6 of ring enhancement and 2 heterogenous enhancement.

Radiologic investigation of avascular necrosis of femoral head in adult

The authors studied 126 cases (90 patients) of proven avascuar necrosis of femoral head inadult during theperiod from Jan. 1975 to May 1982 at Kyung Hee University Hospital. The results were as follows; 1. The sex ratiowas 63 males to 27 females and the peak incidence of age was in the fifth decade. 2.Among the 90 patients, thecause and conditions associated with avascular necrosis were idiopathic in 33 cases, femoral neck fracture in 32cases, chronic alcholism in 9 cases, anti-inflammatory drugs abuse in 6 cases, corticosteroid therapy in 5 cases,caisson's disease in 2 cases, hip dislocation in 2 cases and macromolecular storage disease in 1 case, in theorder of frequency. 3. Excluding 34 patients of avascular necrosis associaited with trauma, bilateral lesion was36 patients(64.3%) among the 56 patients. 4. The radiographic features in femoral head were variable, such as 118cases of central increased density surrounded by lucent zone, encompassed by dense rim, 110 cases of collapsedarticular cortex and 16 cases of intact articular cortex, 91 cases of flattening of femoral head, 79 cases ofcrescent sign, 51 cases of fragmentation of osteonecrotic segment, 47 cases of superimposed degenerativearthritis, 5 cases of patchy increased density, and 3 cases of no radiographic change. 5. The bone scintigraphywith Tc-99m-MDP was performed in 11 patients (15 cases) and its finding in femoral head were 8 cases of increasedradioactivity, 4 cases of mixed increased and decreased radioactivity, and 3 cases of absent radioactivity. 6. Itwas our belief that comparative study of plain radiographs and bone scintigraphy would be useful in earlydiagnosis and tratment planning of avascular necrosis of femoral head.

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of pancreatic and peripancreatic cancer

Seventeen cases of cancers in and adjacent to the pancreas were studied by high resolution and wide field realtime ultrasonographic scanner with 3.5MHz linear array electronically focusing transducer. The results were asfollows; 1. In a total of 17 cases, 7 cases were pancreatic cancers and the rests were 3 cases of ampulla of Vatercancers, 3 cases of distal CBD cancers, and 4 cases of metastatic cancers, respectively. 2. Pancreatic cancerswere located mainly in head portion, and metastatic cancers were noted in head, tail, and retropancreatic areas.3. The sized of all distal CBD cancer were less than 1.8cm, usually smaller than other tumors, and the size ofmetastatic cancers were variable (1-6cm). 4. The shape, margin, contour and echogenicity of the tumors werevariable. 5. Pancreatic duct showed marked dilatation in one of pancreatic cancer, and mild dilatation in one ofampullar of Vater cancer. 6. The caliber of extrahepatic duct were moderately or markedly dilated in nearly allcases except 2 cases of pancreatic body cancer. 7. The pancreatic margin is partially obliterated in pancreaticand ampulla of Vater cancers but not in distal CBD cancer. 8. Gallbladder enlargement is secondary change due tothe obstruction of extrahepatic bile duct. 9. Effects on the vessles are due to not only direct mass effect butdirect invasion resulting in obliteration. The most commonly involved vessels are spleno-portal junction, splenicvein and portal vein. In case of pancreatic cancer in uncinated process, the superior mesenteric vessels aredisplaced anteriorly. 10. Surrounding metastatic lesions were suspected in pancreatic and ampulla of Vater cancer,but not seen in distal CBD cancer. 11. Ascites were seen in only two cases of metastasis.

Necrotizing colitis associated with carcinoma of the colon

Necrotizing colitis associated with carcinoma of the colon, Known also as obstructive colitis, is a disordercharacterized by anulceration and inflammation of the colon proximal to an obstructive lesion, especiallycarcinoma of the rectosigmoid colon, and in rare instances, leads to actual gangrene of the colon. The authorsanalysed radiologic findings in four cases of necrotizing colitis associated with carcinoma of the colon. Bariumenema disclosed mucosal edema, nodular filling defects, irregularity of the colonic controur and typicalthumbprinting appearance of involved colon proximal to an obstructing carcinoma of the colon. The mechanism ofnecrotizing colitis was briefly reviewed.

Middle cranial fossa tumors of rare and atypical CT features

Six different brain tumors in middle cranial fossa are presented which are studied by CT and proved pathologically. The authors experienced rare tumors in middle cranial fossa such as cavernous hemangioma, cysticmeningioma, Schwannoma, Masson's vegetant intravascular hemangioendothelioma and other tumors (arteriovenousmal formation and metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma) whose CT findings were atypical. The results are as follows; 1. I case of tumors in middle cranial fossa, basal and coronal sections are necessary for further evaluation of the relation with dura and adjacent bone changes. 2. In suspicion of metastasis, bone setting should be done to find out bone involvement. 3. Internal carotid angiography gave little help in the differential diagnosis of tumors in middle cranial fossa.